Joseph c



NrTnDL STATES Enron.. v

PATENT.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 485,625, dated November8, 1892.

Application filed May 5, 1892. Serial No. 431,883. '(No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH C. GITHENS, of the city and State of NewYork, have invented an Improvement in Mechanical Movements, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This improvement relates to the class of mechanical movements fortransmitting a comparatively-slow rate of motion to a toolcarriage orsliding bed during that one of its movements while work is being doneand a relatively-rapid return movement preparatory to a repetition ofthe slower Working movement.

The invention consists in alternately imparting to the crank-shaft whichdrives the reciprocating tool-carriage a slow speed of rotation and amore rapid speed of rotation, respectively, from two gears which areloosely mounted upon the crank-shaft, one of which gears is constantlyrotated at a slow speed, while the otheris constantly rotated at arelatively-rapid speed. The slow-moving gear incloses a wheel keyed tothe crank-shaft and is made to communicate the slower motion to saidwheel and to the crank-shaft by means of an intervening system offriction-rollers, or a pawl-and-ratchetsystem. At a prescribed stage inthe rotation of the crank-shafta conical friction-clutch sliding on thecrank-shaft and splined thereto drops inside the flaring rim of themore-rapidly rotating gear, and thereby imparts rapid rotatory movementto the crank-shaft, and likewise to the said inclosed wheel, in whichcase the pawls draw over the inclined sides of the ratchet-teeth; or ifthe friction-roller system is employed the friction-rollers roll out ofthe position in which they jam between the slow-moving gear and the saidwheel keyed to the crank-shaft which the said slow-moving gear incloses.By this organization the changes in the speed of the rotatory movementsinthe crank-shaft are effected without involving the stoppage orreversal in the motions of any of the drivinggears. There being nostatic inertia to overcome, the changes are effected withoutseriousshocks to the driving-gear. Owing to the compactness and simplicity ofthe organization, a crank of large radius may be employed, so that theworking stroke may be imparted to the carriage or other reciprocatingobject by a comparativelysmall part of the revolution of the crank andduring thatipart of its revolution in which the arc of the circledescribed by the crank-pin departs to a relatively-small extent fromparallelism with the path of the reciprocating carriage.

In the accompanying drawings the device is represented as applied to ashaper employin ga horizontally-reciprocating tool-carriage, and so muchonly of the Shaper is shown as suffices to illustrate the application ofthe invention toit.

The drawings are as follows: Figure l is a side elevation of a shaper,partly in'section. Fig.v2 is a transverse vertical section taken throughthe plane indicated by the dotted line x :c on Fig. l. horizontalsection taken through the'plane` indicated by the dotted line y y onFig. l, showingaportion of the friction-roller system for enabling theslow-running gear to impartv its motion to the inclosed wheel keyed ,tothe` crank-shaft. section, similar to that shown in Fig. 3, illustratinga modification which consists in substituting the pawl-and-ratchetsystem in place of the friction-roller system shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 isa vertical section of a portion of the modification illustrated in Fig.4, taken through the plane indicated by the dotted line e' z.

- The drawings represent portions of the frame A of a Shaper providedwith the 'usual sliding tool-carriage B, deriving its reciprocatingmotion through the pitman C, which links it to the radially-adjustablecrank-pin D, projecting upward from the crank-plate E, mounted upon theupper end of the vertical crank-shaft F, having its bearings in boxesarranged upon the horizontal members A and A2 of the frame. The usualcone-pulley G (shown partly in dotted lines in Fig. l) is atfixed to thedriving-shaft H, which imparts rotation through the bevel-gears I and Jto the vertical counter-shaft K, to the upper part of which is affixedarelatively-small pinion a, meshing with the gear h, loosely mountedupon the crank shaft, and preferably supported upon the collar c, tixedupon the crank-shaft by the set-screw c'. The gearb is a cylindrical boxinclosing the wheel d, which is keyed to the crank-shaft. When the gearh rotates in the appropriate direction, its motion is im- Fig. 3 is aportion of at Fig. 4 is a partial horizontal4 TOO parted to the wheelCZ, and hence to the crankshaft F, either by the jamming ofthefrictionrollers d between the inner side of the rim of the gear ZJ andthe eccentric bottoms of the recesses d2, formed in the periphery of thewheel CZ if the device illustrated in Fig. 3 is employed,or by theengagementof one or more of the pawls (Z3 with the ratchet-teeth Z4 ifthe pawl-and-ratchet system illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 is employed.The working stroke of the tool-carriageisimparted during the slower partof the revolution of the crank-shaft while it is being driven from thepinion a. Thereturn stroke of the tool-carriage is imparted during themore rapid part of the revolution of the crankshaft while it is beingdriven by the larger driving-pinion e, which meshes with the gearf,loosely mounted upon the crankshaft and supported upon the collar f',fixed upon the crank-shaft by the set-screw f2. The gear f is ann ularlyrecessed n pon its upper side and constitutes the female member of afamiliar form of friction-clutch, the male memberg of which is a wheelwith a tapering periphery, adapting it when lowered to jam against theflaring inner surface of the rim of the gearf. The tower portion 't' ofthe crank-shaft F is hollow. The hub g of the wheel g is transverselyperforated to receive a pin g2, which extends through the vertical slotsh 7i, formed in the opposite sides of the hollow portion t' of thecrank-shaft. F.

The pin c2 is inserted transversely through the clutch rod j, whichextends upward through the hollow portion Ai' of the crankshaft. Anexpanding spiral springj is inter posed between the upper end of theclutchrod j and the bottom of the solid part of the crankshaft F, and,if desired, the projecting lower end of the clutch-rod may have attachedto it a weightj2. Either or both the spring j and the weight j2 may beused to impart a constant tendency of the clutch-rod to drop downward,and thus carry the male member g of the clutch into engagement with thefemale member f, and thereby cause the crank-shaft to be driven at themore rapid rate of speed desired, in order to effect the return strokeof the tool-carriage.

It will be seen that the friction-roller system illustrated in Fig. 3 orthe pawl-andratchet system illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 permit thecrank-shaft and the wheel CZ to be rotated at a more rapid rate than therate at which the gear l) constantly rotates.

In order to disengage the clutch-wheel g from the gear f at theappropriate stage in the revolution of the crank-shaft, there isprovided a sleeve 7o, which is adapted to slide on the crank-shaft, andwhich is made to move with the clutch-rodj by means of the pin Zt',which is inserted through the enlarged upper portion of the sleeve 7.:and transversely through the clutch-rod, and which extends through thevertical slots 7a2 7a2, formed in the opposite sides of the shell of thehollow lower portion of the crankshaft. The under face of the enlargedportion of the sleeve 7c is formed into the cam k3, which bears upon theantifriction-roller Z, adapted to rotate upon the horizontal pivot Z',inserted in the box m, which affords the bearing for the lower part ofthe sleeve Zt.

It will of course be perceived that the relative positions of the cam7a3 and the antifrictionroller Z can be reversed without altering theresult-that is, the friction-roller might be pivoted to the sleeve 7cand be made to travel upon the upper end of the box m, which in thatcase would be given the form of the cam 7c3. By means of the cam 7c3 theclutch-rod is held upward during any desired part of the revolution ofthe crank-shaft and at any desired stage in the revolution of thecrank-shaft is permitted to fall and thereby carry the clutchwheel ginto engagement with the gear f, by which engagement the speed ofrotation of the crankshaft is increased, and such increased speed ismaintained during any desired part of the revolution of the crank shaftuntil the conclusion of the return stroke, after which the clutehrod islifted and thereby releases the crank-shaft to the action of the smallerdriving-pinion a, which drives the crank-shaft during the Working strokeof the tool-carriage.

What is claimed as the invention isl. Apparatus for successivelyimparting to a reciprocating object two different velocities of motion,the same consisting of a rotating shaft, means for transmitting motionfrom said shaft to the said reciprocating object, a slow-moving gearloosely mounted upon said shaft, means for constantly rotating said gearat a prescribed relatively-low speed, a wheel keyed to said shaft, apawl-and-ratehet system acting in one direction only for transmittingrotatory motion to said shaft from said slow moving gear, a quick movinggear loosely mounted upon said shaft, means for constantly rotating saidgear at a prescribed relatively-high speed in the same direction as thatof said slow-moving gear, a clutch splined to said shaft, means formoving said clutch into engagement with said quick-moving gear at aprescribed stage in the revolution of said shaft, and thereby impartingrelative1y-rapid rotatory motion to said shaft, and means for throwingsaid ciutch out of engagement with said quick rotating gear at anotherprescribed stage in the revolution of said shaft, and thereby leavingsaid shaft to be driven by said slow-1noving gear.

2. In apparatus for successively imparting to a reciprocating object twodifferent velocities of motion, the combination, as herein set forth, ofa rotating hollow shaft closed at one end and open at the other, meansfor transmitting motion from said shaft to said reciprocating object, aslow-moving gear loosely mounted upon said shaft, means for constantlyrotating said gear at a prescribed relatively-slow speed, connectionsfor enabling said slow-moving gear to impel said shaft ICO IIO

when said shaft is not otherwise impelled, a quick-moving gear looselymounted upon said shaft, means for constantly rotating said quick-movinggear at a prescribed relativelyhigh speed in the same direction as thatof the slow-moving gear, a clutch adapted to slide on said shaft, aclutch-rod inserted in the hollow portion of said shaft, a-pin extendingtransversely through said clutch-rod and through longitudinal slots inthe shell of said hollow shaft and through the hub of said clutch forfastening said clutch to said clutchrod and at the same time operatingto spline said clutch to said shaft, a spring for forcing saidclutch-rod endwise in the appropriate direction to carry said clutchinto engagement with said quick-running gear, and a cam for moving saidclutch-rod in the appropriate direction to disengage said clutch fromsaid quick-moving gear, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination, as herein set forth, of the reciprocating carriageB, the hollow crankshaft F, connections for transmitting motion fromsaid crank-shaft to said carriage, the slo w-movin g gear b, looselymounted upon said crank-shaft, the wheel b', keyed to said crankshaft,connections for impelling said shaft from said gear b when saidcrank-shaft is not otherwise impelled, the quick-moving gear f, looselymounted upon the said crank-shaft, the clutch g, the transverse pin g'-,the clutchrod j, the sleeve k, the transverse pin lo', the cam k3, andthe antifriction roller Z, and

means for constantly rotating the gears b and -f in the same directionand at prescribed relatively-different velocities.

4. The hollow crank-shaft F, the clutch-rod j, loosely inserted in saidhollow crank-shaft and projecting downward from the lower end thereof,the constantly-rotating gear f, loosely mounted upon said crank-shaft,the clutch g, adapted to slide on said hollow crank-shaft and secured tosaid clutch-rod by the transverse pin g2, extending through verticalslots formed in the shell of said hollow crank-shaft and through saidclutch-rod, the cam los, connected to and rotating with said clutch-rod,and the roller Z, affording the bearing for said cam.

5. A reciprocating carriage, a rotating shaft, connections fortransmitting motion from saidr shaft to said reciprocating carriage, agear loosely mounted on said shaft, means for constantly rotating `saidgear at a relatively-high.

JOSEPH C. GITHENS.

Witnesses:

\ A. M. JONES,

E. GATTERER.

